In this section, 我们将讨论第九条联邦法规规定的不同类型的暴力和骚扰.
Warning: The following pages contain definitions that can be triggering or hard to read. 你可以完全跳过这一节，或者稍后再来.
Survivor/Victim
Many advocates tend to use the term “victim” when referring to someone who has recently been affected by sexual violence; when discussing a particular crime; or when referring to aspects of the criminal justice system. “Survivor” is often used to refer to someone who is further along in their healing journey, 或者在讨论性暴力的短期或长期影响时. 有些人认为自己是受害者，而另一些人更喜欢幸存者这个词. 你可以选择任何你觉得合适的术语.
肯定同意
Consent means giving and receiving permission to participate in a sexual activity. Before being sexual with someone, you need to know if they want to be sexual with you too. 理想情况下，同意是一个明确的“是”大声说出来.
必须不断地给予同意. Consenting to one type of activity does not mean that your partner has consented to other activities. Everyone has the right to stop sexual activity at any time and for any reason. Consent is about making sure that everyone who is a part of the activity is excited, engaged, 并且能够说“是”或“不是”,每一次.
没有人应该感到压力、操纵或威胁而说“是”.” Someone who is mentally or physically incapacitated or impaired because they are sleeping, unconscious, 或者在药物或酒精的影响下无法给予同意. Additionally, someone might be unable to give consent because of their age or their mental capacity. For more information about consent and Minnesota law visit the Rape and 乱伦全国网络(RAINN): http://www.rainn.org/laws-your-state-minnesota
Sexual Violence
Without consent, 任何性行为(包括口交), genital touching, 而阴道或肛门插入)是性暴力.
性暴力包括性侵犯, rape, 或者任何其他性行为因为一方强迫而发生, coerces, 操纵或恐吓他人.
性暴力可以由陌生人实施, acquaintances, family members, spouses, or dating partners. It includes being touched by someone else or being forced or coerced to touch someone else. 性暴力也可能发生在某人因为太年轻或无行为能力而无法表示同意的情况下.
性暴力包括但不限于:
- 性权力滥用:当有人喜欢教练时, teacher, 或者宗教领袖利用他们的权威地位来强迫, coerce, 或者操纵某人进行性行为,
- Intimate partner sexual violence: when a spouse or partner uses sexual violence,
- 儿童性虐待;
- 乱伦或对家庭成员的性虐待;
- 生殖胁迫和安全性行为破坏:一方控制或干预与生殖和性健康有关的决策. 这包括破坏生育控制, 强迫某人进行无保护措施的性行为, 或者在未经同意的情况下取下避孕套(有时被称为“偷”)。,
- 性交易和商业性剥削:当有人要求另一个人用性交易来赚钱, food, a place to stay, 或者毒品，或者强迫他们参与色情或脱衣, and
- 未经同意的露骨图片:指某人未经允许拍摄或发布露骨照片或视频, 有时被称为“复仇色情片”.”
欲了解更多关于性暴力的信息，请访问RAINN: rainn.org/types-sexual-violence
关系或家庭暴力
关系暴力，也被称为家庭暴力或约会暴力，是现任或前任亲密伴侣为获得和维持对另一方的权力和控制而使用的一种行为模式. It can happen when people are married, living together, dating, or after the relationship has ended.
关系暴力可能发生在只约会一次的人身上, 刚开始约会, 或者已经在一起很多年了.
关系暴力可能包括使用身体暴力, sexual violence, 威胁和恐吓, isolation, emotional abuse, 精神和文化虐待, 经济剥夺, 财政滥用. Someone can seek help no matter what type or types of abuse they have experienced.
For more information about 暴力的关系 visit the National Domestic Violence Hotline: thehotline.org/is-this-abuse/abuse-defined
Stalking
跟踪是针对不受欢迎的人的行为, unwelcome, 或者没有回报，导致他们恐惧或严重的情绪困扰.
跟踪包括跟踪某人等行为, tracking someone, 发送不想要的礼物或信息, 打不需要的电话, damaging property, 监控电话和科技产品的使用, 或者发布关于某人的信息或散布谣言.
有关跟踪的更多信息，请访问RAINN: rainn.org/articles/stalking
Sexual Harassment
性骚扰是一种不受欢迎的性行为，它干扰了某人在学校或工作中感到舒适的权利. 它可以包括评论、笔记、信息、手势或身体接触. 它使学习或工作环境充满敌意和不舒服. This includes repeatedly asking someone on a date, especially if they have already said “no.”
一种特定类型的骚扰被称为“交换条件”，即有权威的人用性接触来交换或试图用性接触来换取另一个人想要的东西，比如好成绩或优惠待遇.
有关跟踪的更多信息，请访问RAINN: http://rainn.org/articles/sexual-harassment
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